橋牌叫牌法 : Standard American Yellow Card (SAYC)

Standard American Yellow Card (SAYC)

opening	characteristics	response	meaning	continuation
1♣	3+ cards	2NT	13–15, GF
		3NT	16–17
1♦	4+ cards or 4432	as to 1♣
1♥	5+ cards	1♠	4+ spades, 6+ pts, usu. no ♥ support
		1 NT	6–9; denies 4 spades or 3 hearts	may be passed
		2 ♣/♦	10+, 4+ cards	promises another bid unless passed hand or game bid
		2NT !	Jacoby: raise, 13+	3♣/♦/♠ shortness, 4♥ min, 3NT med, 3♥ max
		3♥	limit, 10–12, 3+ hearts (preempt over X)
		3NT	15–17 hcp, balanced, 2 card support
		4♥	usu. 5+ hearts, shortness, <10 hcp
1♠	5+ cards	cf. to 1 ♥
1NT	15–17 hcp balanced (may contain a 5-card suit, even a major)
		2♣	non-forcing Stayman, usu. 8+ hcp	2 ♦/♥/♠ (2♥ with both majors); responder’s 3♣/♦ slam interest
		2♦ !	Jacoby transfer to hearts	2 ♥, or 3 ♥ with max.
		2♥ !	Jacoby transfer to spades	2 ♠, or 3 ♠ with max.
		2♠ !	transfer to 3♣	resp. rebid 3 ♦ signoff
		3♣/♦ !	inv. to 3NT with 6+ card suit
		3♥/♠	6+ card suit, slam interest
		4♣	Gerber, asking for aces	4♦ = 0 or 4, 4♥ = 1, etc
		4NT	natural, invites 6NT
2♣	strong artificial, 22+ or playing equiv.	2♦	artif., may be waiting	opener’s suit rebid forcing to 3 of his major or 4 of his minor; after 2 NT rebid: Stayman, Jacoby, Gerber
		2♥/♠, 3♣/♦	natural, GF, 5+ cards, 8+ pts
		2NT	balanced, 8 hcp
2♦/♥/♠	6+ (or 5) cards, 5–11 hcp; usually no major side suit	2NT	forcing, game interest	with min. (5–8 p): rebid the suit; with max.: new suit (shows A/K) or 3NT or 4 of minor (shows 4–5 cards with at least Q)
		any raise	to play
2NT	20–21 hcp balanced, may contain 5-card suit	3♣	Stayman
		3♦/♥ !	Jacoby transfer	3♥/♠
		4♣ !	Gerber
		4NT	inviting to slam in NT
3NT	25–27 hcp balanced	4♣ !	Stayman
		4♦/♥ !	Jacoby transfer	4♥/♠
3/4 of suit	pre-empt, rule of 2/3/4

Choosing the opening

• open the higher of long (at least 5 cards) suits of equal length
• with 4–4 minors, open 1 ♦
• notrump openings show a balanced hand but may contain a five-card suit (minor or major)
• occasional 4-card major opening in 3^rd seat

Continuation

• fourth suit may be artificial ("4th suit forcing"), except in 1♣–1♦–1♥–1♠, which is natural
• after opener’s rebid in a suit, a new suit by responder is forcing
• after opener’s rebid of 1 NT (e.g., 1♥–1♠–1NT), responder’s simple non-reverse rebid in a new suit (e.g., 2♣/♦) is non-forcing
• in that situation, a reverse rebid (e.g. 1 ♣ ̵ 1 ♥ 1 NT – 2 ♠) or a jump shift into a new suit is game-forcing

Slam conventions

• regular Blackwood: 4 NT asks for aces, 5♣ = 0 or 4; 5 ♦ = 1; 5 ♥ = 2; 5 ♠ = 3; then 5 NT asks for kings similarly
• Grand Slam Force: jump to 5 NT asks partner to bid grand slam in agreed suit with two of three top honors in it

Effect of interference

• usually interference cancels conventions (e.g., after major suit opening and interference, a response of 2 NT is natural, 12–14 hcp, not Jacoby)
• double of 1 NT does not affect conventions
• after 1 NT and interfering bid, bid in opponent suit is game-forcing and substitute for Stayman

Defensive bidding

• D for takeout over opening partscore, penalty opening game bid
• simple overcall 8–16 points; only forcing response is opp. suit
• 1 NT overcall 15–18 hcp (10–15 when reopening), balanced, preferably a stopper in opp. suit; 2♣ response Stayman, otherwise natural
• jump 2 NT is “unusual”, i.e. 5–5 lowest unbid suits
• jump overcall in suit preemptive
• a bid in opp. suit is
  • Michaels when opps have bid one suit only (Michaels: 5–5 in majors and 8+ pts when opening was in a minor, otherwise the other major and a minor and 10+ pts)
  • natural when opps have bid 2 suita

Competitive bidding

• neg. D up to 2♠
• RD 10+ pts
• responders jump shift over D is to play
• cuebid in right-hand opp. forcing to game
• RD of a D of conventional bid is for business
• RD is SOS when suit contract of 3 or lower is doubled for penalty
• D of conventional bid like Michaels or unusual 2 NT shows 10+ pts

Leads and signals

• top of touching honors (even A from AKx)
• top of interior sequence
• Xxxx(…), i.e. 4^th best (rule of 11) if headed by an honor
• xxxx(…), i.e. 2^nd best from 4 or more when no honor
• against suit contract: xxx, i.e. lowest from 3 small
• against NT contract: xxx, i.e. highest from 3 small
• high encourages, low discourages
• high–low is even when giving count